Expert Advisory Committee

ICAI-Expert Advisory Committee
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Query No. 51

 

Subject:           

Applicability of section 370(1B) of the Companies Act, 1956, for the purposes

of MAOCARO 1988 and Schedule VI to the Act.1

  A. Facts of the Case

 

1. The Companies (Amendment) Act, 1999, added the following sub- section to section 370 and to section 372 of the principal Act.

 

“Nothing contained in this section shall apply to a company on or after the commencement of the Companies (Amendment) Act, 1999.”

 

2. Section  370  relates  to  loans  etc.,  to  companies  under  the  same management. Sub-section (1B) of section 370 prescribes when two bodies corporate shall be deemed to be under the same management.

 

3. The expression ‘companies under the same management’ has also been  used  in  section  372  of  the  Companies  Act,  1956.  Besides,  the expression is also relevant for the following purposes:

 

  Schedule VI to the Act requires that debts as well as loans and advances  due  from  companies  under  the  same  management within the meaning of sub-section (1B) of section 370 should be  separately  disclosed  in  the  balance  sheet  along  with  the names of such companies. Further, note (1) to Part I of Schedule VI,  inter  alia,  requires  that  in  the  statement  of  investments annexed to the balance sheet, the names of bodies corporate under the same management be separately given.

 

  MAOCARO requires  the auditor  to state,  inter alia,  whether the  rate  of  interest  and  other  terms  and  conditions  of  loans taken from or granted to companies under the same management as  defined  under  sub-section  (1B)  of  section  370  of  the Companies Act, 1956, are prima facie prejudicial to the interests of the company.

 

4. As  per  the  querist,  sections  370  and  372  of  the  Companies  Act,1956  have  been  rendered  ineffective  by  the  Companies  (Amendment) Act, 1999. The restrictions on inter-corporate loans and investments are now governed by section 372A which was inserted in the principal Act by  the  aforesaid  Amendment  Act.  Section  372A  does  not  contain  any separate  provisions  applicable  only  to  companies  under  the  same management. As per the querist, therefore, this expression has no relevance for this section. However, since Schedule VI and MAOCARO 1988 have not been amended, the expression continues to remain therein.

 

5. While amendment to section 370 makes it inoperative, the section is still a part of the Act; it has not been repealed.

 

B. Query

 

6. The querist has sought the opinion of the Expert Advisory Committee as to whether in view of the amendment to the Companies Act, 1956, it is correct  to  conclude  that  the  relevant  requirements  of  Schedule  VI and MAOCARO are no longer applicable. In other words, whether Schedule VI would be complied with, if loans and advances due from the relevant companies  (i.e., companies  under  the same  management  as per  section 370(1B))  are  not  disclosed  separately.  Similarly,  whether  MAOCARO (clauses 4(A)(vii) and 4(A)(viii)) would be complied with, if the auditor excludes loans taken from or given to such companies from the scope of his audit examination and reporting.

 

C. Points considered by the Committee

 

7. The Committee notes that sections 370 and 372 of the Companies Act, 1956, have been made inoperative by insertion of new sub-sections as stated in paragraph 1 above.

 

8. The Committee further notes that section 370 has not been omitted/ repealed/deleted from the Act. It has only been rendered inoperative by virtue of insertion of sub-section (6) to section 370. The Committee also notes that neither the relevant clauses of the MAOCARO, nor Schedule VI to the Act have similarly been amended, and the references therein to companies under the same management continue to be as ‘defined under sub-section  (1B)  of  section  370’  and  as  ‘within  the  meaning  of  sub- section (1B) of section 370’, respectively.

 

9. The Committee is of the view that if the legislature had intended to render  the  definition/meaning  of  the  term  ‘companies  under  the  same management’  under  section  370(1B)  of  the  Companies  Act,  1956, ineffective for purposes  other than those under section 370  of the Act, such as MAOCARO 1988, and Schedule VI, the legislature would have specifically repealed/omitted/deleted  section  370 from the statute  book or would have amended the other sections also. Since this was not done, i.e., neither MAOCARO 1988, nor Schedule VI has been amended, and section  370  continues  to  be  on  the  statute  book,  the  intention  of  the legislature seems to be that definition/meaning of companies under the same management as per section 370(1B) shall continue to be applicable for the aforesaid purposes.

 

10. On  the  basis  of  the  above,  the  Committee  is  of  the  view  that  the auditor should, for the purposes of MAOCARO 1988, continue to apply the relevant audit procedures and report on loans given to or taken from companies  under  the  same  management.  Similarly,  the  auditor  should continue  to  verify  whether  disclosures  as  required  under  Schedule  VI regarding companies under the same management had been made, and, if not, report appropriately in his audit report.

 

11. In  this  context,  it  may  be  noted  that  if  the  transactions  stipulated under section 370 get attracted by the requirements of Accounting Standard (AS) 18, ‘Related Party Disclosures’, issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, the company will have to make disclosures as per the requirements of the Standard.

 

D.  Opinion

 

12. On  the  basis  of  the  above,  the  Committee  is  of  the  opinion  that despite the insertion of sub-section (6) to section 370 of the Companies Act,  1956,  requirements  of  Schedule  VI  and  MAOCARO  relating  to companies under the same management are still applicable. In other words, loans and advances due from the companies under the same management within the meaning of section 370(1B) of the Companies Act, 1956, are required to be disclosed separately as per the requirements of the Schedule VI  to  the  Companies  Act,  1956.  Further,  the  auditor  should,  for  the purposes  of  MAOCARO  1988,  continue  to  apply  the  relevant  audit procedures and report on loans given to or taken from companies under the  same  management.  In  this  context,  it  may  be  noted  that  if  the transactions stipulated under section 370 get attracted by the requirements of Accounting Standard (AS) 18, ‘Related Party Disclosures’, issued by the Institute of Chartered Accountants of India, the company will have to make disclosures as per the requirements of the Standard.

 

1Opinion finalised by the Committee on 30.1.2002.